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COMPILATION OF INTERNATIONAL NORMS
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Charter of the United Nations, Signed: 26 June 1945, entry into force: 24 October 1945.
Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, Adopted by G/A/RES 39/46 on 10 December 1984, entry into force: 26 June 1987.
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, Adopted by G/A/RES 34/180 of 18 December 1979, entry into force: 3 September 1981, in accordance with Article 27 (1).
Convention on the Rights of the Child, Adopted by G/A/RES 44/25 of 20 November 1989, entry into force: 2 September 1990, in accordance with Article 49.
Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, Adopted in 28 July 1951 by the United Nations Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Status of Refugees and Stateless Persons convened under G/A/RES 429 (V) of 14 December 1950, entry into force: 22 April 1954, in accordance with Article 43.
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, Adopted by G/A/RES 2106 (XX) of 21 December 1965, entry into force: 4 January 1969, in accordance with Article 19.
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Adopted by G/A/RES 2200A (XXI) of 16 December 1966, entry into force: 23 March 1976, in accordance with Article 49.
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Adopted by G/A/RES 2200A (XXI) of 16 December 1966, entry into force: 3 January 1976, in accordance with Article 27.
International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, Adopted by G/A/RES 45/158 of 18 December 1990 (not in force).
Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Adopted by G/A/RES 2200A (XXI) of 16 December 1966, entry into force: 23 March 1976, in accordance with Article 9.
Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the penalty, Adopted and proclaimed by G/A/RES 44/128 of 15 December 1989.
Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, Adopted 23 May 1969, entry into force: 27 January 1980.
Basic Principles on the Role of Lawyers, Adopted by the 8th United Nations Congress of the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders, Havana (Cuba), 27 August to 7 September 1990.
Basic Principles for the Treatment of Prisoners, Adopted and proclaimed by G/A/RES 45/111 of 14 December 1990.
Beijing Declaration, Report of the Fourth World Conference on Women, held in Beijing 4-15 September 1995, United Nations, New York 1995.
Body of Principles for the Protection of all Persons under Any Form of Detention or Imprisonment, Adopted by G/A/RES 43/173 of 9 December 1988.
Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials, Adopted by G/A/RES 34/169 of 17 December 1979.
The Copenhagen Declaration on and Programme of Action, Report of the World Summit for Social Development, held in Copenhagen 6-12 March 1995, United Nations, New York 1995.
Declaration on Social Progress and Development, Proclaimed byG/A/RES 2542 (XXIV) of 11 December 1969.
Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women, Adopted by G/A/RES 48/104 of 20 December 1993.
Declaration of the Rights of the Child, Proclaimed by G/A/RES 1386 (XIV) of 20 November 1959.
Declaration on the Protection of Women and Children in Emergency and Armed Conflict, Proclaimed by G/A/RES 3318 (XXIX) of 14 December 1974.
Declaration on the Right to Development, Adopted by G/A/RES 41/128 of 4 December 1986.
Five-Year Review of the Implementation of the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action, Interim Report of the UNHCHR, Commission on Human Rights, 16 March – 24 April 1998.
General Comment No. 5: Persons with Disabilities, in: General Comments of the UNHCHR, adopted on 9 December 1994.
Global Strategy for Shelter to the Year 2000, Adopted by G/A/RES 43/181 of 20 December 1988.
Istanbul Declaration on Human Settlements, Adopted at the United Nations Conference on Human Settlements (Habitat II), Istanbul (Turkey), 3-14 June 1996.on
Principles of Medical Ethics Relevant to the Role of Health Personnel, Particularly Physicians, in the Protection of Prisoners and Detainees against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, Adopted by G/A/RES 37/194 of 18 December 1982.
Proclamation of Teheran, Proclaimed by the International Conference on Human Rights at Teheran on 13 May 1968.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Adopted by G/A/RES 217A (III) of 10 December 1948.
Universal Declaration on the Eradication of Hunger and Malnutrition, Adopted by the World Food Conference, Rome 1974.
United Nations Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, Proclaimed by G/A/RES 1904 (XVIII) of 20 November 1963.
United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty, Adopted by G/A/RES 45/113 of 14 December 1990.
The Vancouver Declaration on Human Settlements, Adopted at the United Nations Conference on Human Settlements (Habitat I), Vancouver (Canada), 31 May - 11 June 1976.
Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action, Adopted at the World Conference on Human Rights on 25 June 1993.
Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, Adopted by the United Nations in 1969.
World Declaration on Nutrition, Adopted by the International Conference on Nutrition, Rome (Italy), December 1992.
Declaration on the Rights of Disabled Persons, Proclaimed byG/A/RES 3447 (XXX) of 9 December 1975.
Declaration on the Rights of Mentally Retarded Persons, Proclaimed byG/A/RES 2856 (XXVI) of 20 December 1971.
Declaration on the Rights of Deaf-Blind Persons, Adopted by the Helen Keller World Conference on Services to Deaf-Blind Youths and Adults on 16 September 1977.
Principles for the Protection of Persons with Mental Illness and the Improvement of Mental Health Care, Adopted by G/A/RES 46/119 of 17 December 1991.
The Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities, Adopted by G/A/RES 48/96 of 20 December 1993.
Tallinn Guidelines for Action on Human Resources Development in the Field of Disability, Adopted by G/A/RES 44/70 of 15 March 1990.
World Programme of Action concerning Disabled Persons, Adopted by G/A/RES 37/52 on 3 December 1982.
Implementations of the World Programme of Action concerning Disabled Persons, G/A/RES 37/53 on 3 December 1982, G/A/RES 40/31 on 29 November 1985 and G/A/RES 52/82 on 12 December 1997.
Convention concerning the Simplification of the Inspection of Emigrants on Board Ship, ILO Convention No. 21, Adopted by the General Conference, 29 December 1927.
Convention concerning Migration for Employment (Revised 1949), ILO Convention No. 97, Adopted by the General Conference, 1 July 1949.
Convention concerning Minimum Standards of Social Security, ILO Convention No. 102, Adopted by the General Conference, 28 June 1952.
Convention concerning Discrimination in Respect of Employment and Occupation, ILO Convention No. 111, Adopted by the General Conference, 25 June 1958.
Convention concerning Benefits in Case of Employment Injury, ILO Convention No. 121, Adopted by the General Conference, 17 June 1964.
Convention concerning Invalidity, Old-Age and Survivors' Benefits, ILO Convention No. 128, Adopted by the General Conference, 29 June 1967.
Convention concerning Medical Care and Sickness Benefits, ILO Convention No. 130, Adopted by the General Conference, 25 June 1969.
Convention concerning Vocational Guidance and Vocational Training in the Development of Human Resources, ILO Convention No. 142, Adopted by the General Conference, 4 June 1975.
Convention concerning Migrations in Abusive Conditions and the Promotion of Equality of Opportunity and Treatment of Migrant Workers, ILO Convention No. 143, Adopted by the General Conference, 24 June 1975.
Convention concerning Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment (Disabled Persons), ILO Convention No. 159, Adopted by the General Conference, 1 June 1983.
Convention Concerning Employment Promotion and Protection against Unemployment, ILO Convention No. 168, Adopted by the General Conference, 1 June 1988.
Recommendation concerning the Recruitment, Placing and Conditions of Labour of Migrants for Employment, ILO Recommendation No. 61, Adopted by the General Conference, 28 June 1939.
Recommendation concerning Vocational Rehabilitation of the Disabled, ILO Recommendation No. 99, Adopted by the General Conference, 1 June 1955.
Recommendation concerning Workers' Housing, ILO Recommendation No. 115, Adopted by the General Conference, 7 June 1961.
Recommendation concerning Vocational Guidance and Vocational Training in the Development of Human Resources, ILO Recommendation No. 150, Adopted by the General Conference, 4 June 1975.
Recommendation concerning Migrant Workers, ILO Recommendation No. 151, Adopted by the General Conference, 24 June 1975.
Recommendation concerning Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment (Disabled Persons), ILO Recommendation No. 168, Adopted by the General Conference, 1 June 1983.
Declaration of Alma-Ata, adopted by theInternational Conference on Primary Health Care on 12 September 1978.
Convention against Discrimination in Education, Adopted by the UNESCO General Conference on 14 December 1960, entry into force: 22 May 1962.
Sundberg Declaration, Adopted by the UNESCO World Conference on Actions and Strategies for Education, Prevention and Integration, Malaga (Spain), 2 - 7 November 1981.
The Salamanca Statement, Adopted by the UNESCO World Conference on Special Needs Education: Access and Quality, Salamanca (Spain), 7 - 10 June 1994.
Universal Declaration on the Human Genome and Human Rights, Adopted by the UNESCO General Conference.
World Declaration on Education for All: Meeting Basic Learning Needs, Adopted by the UNESCOWorld Conference on Education for All on 9 March 1990.
European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Opened forSignature: 4 November 1950, entry into force: 3 September 1953, in accordance with Article 66.
European Convention on the Exercise of Children's Rights, Adopted by the Council of Europe, Strasbourg, 25 January 1996.
European Social Charter, Opened for Signature: 18 October 1961, entry into force: 26 February 1965, in accordance with Article 35.
Additional Protocol to the European Social Charter, Adopted by the Council of Europe, Strasbourg, 5 May 1988.
Additional Protocol to the European Social Charter providing for a System of Collective Complaints, Adopted by the Council of Europe, Strasbourg, 9 November 1995.
American Convention on Human Rights, Opened for Signature:22 November 1969, entry into force: 18 July 1978, in accordance with Article 74.
Additional Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights in the Area of Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, Opened for Signature: 17 November 1988, entry into force: not yet (1994), in accordance with Article 21.
American Declaration on the Rights and Duties of Man, Adopted by the Ninth International Conference of American States, Bogota, 1948.
Americans with Disabilities Act, Adopted in 1990.
Charter of the Organization of American States, Opened for Signature: 30 April 1948, entry into force: 13 December 1951.
Panama Commitment to Persons with Disabilities in the American Hemisphere, Adopted by the OAS General Assembly Resolution AG/doc.3381/96 on 5 June 1996.
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights, Opened for Signature: 26 June 1981, Entry into force: 21 October 1986, in accordance with Article 63.
African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child, OAU Doc. CAB/LEG/24.9/49 (1990).
Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugees Problems in Africa, entered into force: 20 June 1974.
The Addis Ababa Document on Refugees and Forced Population Displacements in Africa, Adopted by the OAU/UNHCR Symposium on Refugees and Forced Population Displacements in Africa, 8-10 September 1994 in Addis Ababa (Ethiopia).
The Khartoum Declaration on Africa's Refugees Crisis, Adopted by the OAU 17th Extraordinary Session of the Commission of Fifteen on Refugees, Meeting in Khartoum (Republic of Sudan), 22-24 September 1990.
Disability Discrimination Ordinance, Published under section 2 (3) of the Laws Ordinance 1990, Chapter 487; up to date as of 2 May 1997; Government of Hong Kong (GB).
Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and their Destruction, Adopted by G/A/RES 52/38 of 8 January 1998.
Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field, Adopted on 12 August 1949 by the Diplomatic Conference for the Establishment of International Conventions for the Protection of Victims of War, held in Geneva from 21 April to 12 August 1949, entry into force 21 October 1950.
Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of Wounded, Sick and Shipwrecked Members of Armed Forces at Sea, Adopted on 12 August 1949 by the Diplomatic Conference for the Establishment of International Conventions for the Protection of Victims of War, held in Geneva from 21 April to 12 August 1949, entry into force 21 October 1950.
Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War, Adopted on 12 August 1949 by the Diplomatic Conference for the Establishment of International Conventions for the Protection of Victims in War, held in Geneva from 21 April to 12 August 1949, entry into force 21 October 1950.
Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, Adopted on 12 August 1949 by the Diplomatic Conference for the Establishment of International Conventions for the Protection of Victims in War, held in Geneva from 21 April to 12 August 1949, entry into force 21 October 1950.
Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol 1), Adopted on 8 June 1977 by the Diplomatic Conference on the Reaffirmation and Development of International Humanitarian Law applicable in Armed Conflicts, entry into force: 7 December 1979, in accordance with Article 95.
Protocol II Additional to the Geneva Conventions of August 12, 1949, and Relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts, Opened for Signature: 12 December 1977, entered into force: 7 December 1978.
Designing with Care - a guide to Adaptation of the Built Environment for Disabled Persons, United Nations in co-operation with SIDA and UNCHS, New York 1983.
Employment Prospects for Disabled People in Transition Countries, International Labour Organization, Geneva 1996. Guidelines for Educational Assistance to Refugees - UNHCR Programme and Technical Support Section, United Nations, Geneva 1995. Guidelines for the Establishment and Development of National Co-ordinating Committees on Disability or Similar Bodies, United Nations Office, Vienna 1991. The Habitat Agenda, Adopted at the United Nations Conference on Human Settlements (Habitat II) in Istanbul (Turkey), 3-14 June 1996.
Human Rights and Disabled Persons. =Study series 6 of the Centre for Human Rights, United Nations, Geneva 1993.
International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights. Human Rights Fact Sheet No. 13, United Nations, Geneva 1992.
Manual on the Equalization of Opportunities for Disabled Persons, United Nations - Department of International Economic and Social Affairs, New York 1986.
UNICEF Annual Report 1994.
World Campaign for Human Rights, Study series 6, Human Rights and Disabled Persons by Leonardo Despouy (Special Rapporteur of the Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities), United Nations, New York 1993.
Alston, Philip (editor): The United Nations and Human Rights - A Critical Appraisal, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1992.
Amerasinghe, C. F.: Local Remedies in International Law, Grotius Publications, Cambridge 1990.
Anon, N.D.: Human Rights Legislation, Policies, Disabilities - Bibliographic list of references, Inter-American Children's Institute.
Bernhardt, R.: Human Rights and Judicial Review: The European Court of Human Rights, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994.
Brett, Rachel: The contribution of NGOs to the Monitoring and Protection of Human Rights in Europe: An analysis of the role and access of NGOs to the intern-governmental organizations, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1993.
Buergenthal, Thomas: Self-executing and Non-self-executing Treaties in National and International Law, in: Recueil des Cours 1992, IV, No. 235, pp. 303-400.
Cazar, Ramiro: Estudio de Normes Legales sobre Persones con Discapecidas, National Council on Disabilities. Charlton, James I.: Nothing About Us Without Us: Disability, Oppression, and Empowerment, University of California Press, Berkeley 1998. Chowdhury, Subrata R.: Rule of Law in a State of Emergency, Pinter Publishers London 1989.
Conforti, Benedetto: International Law and the Role of Domestic Legal Systems,Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht 1993.
Conforti, Benedetto and Francioni, Francesco (editors): Enforcing International Human Rights in Domestic -Courts, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht 1997.
Craven, Matthew: The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Oxford University Press Inc., New York 1995.
Danilenko, G. M.: Law-Making in the International Community, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht 1993.
Delmas-Marty D: The European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht 1991.
Degener, T. and Koster-Dreese, Y: Human Rights and Disabled Persons - Essays and Relevant Human Rights Instruments, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht 1995.
Despouys, Leandro: Human Rights and Disabled Persons, Centre for Human Rights, New York/Geneva 1993.
Eide, Asbjorn: Future Protection of Economic and Social Rights in Europe, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1993.
Fitzmaurice, Malgosia and Flinterman, Cees (editors): Interactions between International and Municipal Law - A Comparative Case Law Study, T.M.C. Asser Instituut, The Hague 1993.
Frappola, Ana Maria Damini de: Strategies to Enhance Social Protection and Reduce Vulnerability, Inter-American Children's Institut, Montevideo 1998. Gargam, Judith Gail: Non-combatant Immunity as a Norm of International Humanitarian Law, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht 1993.
Gray, Christine: Judicial Remedies in International Law, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1987.
Gregorio, Carlos: Report on Social Policies on Persons with Disabilities in the Americas, Inter-American Children's Institute, Montevideo (Uruguay).
Hahn, Harlan: Theories and Values: Ethics and contrasting Perspectives on Disability, University of Southern California.
Hahn, Harlan: The Politics of Physical Differences: Disability and Discrimination, in: Journal of Social Issues, Vol. 44, No. 1, 1988.
Hamalengwa, M.: The International Law of Human Rights in Africa: Basic Documents and Annotated Bibliography, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht 1988.
Hammarberg, Thomas: The Rights of Disabled Children: The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child.
Inter-American Children's Institute (OAS): Disabilities - Human Rights, Legislation and Policies, Specialized Bibliography, Montevideo 1998.
Jackson, J. H.: Status of Treaties in Domestic Legal Systems: A Policy Analysis, in: American Journal of International Law No. 86 (1992), pp. 310-340.
Nigerian Institute of International Affairs:Lagos. Human Rights in Africa, in co-operation with Macmillin Nigeria Publishers.
McDougal, Myres S. / Lasswell, Harald / Chen, Lung-Chu: Human Rights and World Public Order, Yale University Press, Yale 1980. Meron, Theodor: Convergence of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights Law, in: Human Rights and Humanitarian Law - The Quest for Universality by Daniel Warner, pp.97-105, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht 1997.
Nahlik, Stanislaw E.: A Brief Outline of International Humanitarian Law, extract from the International Review of the Red Cross, July - August 1984.
Oraa, James: Human Rights in States of Emergency in International Law, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1992
Paust, Jordan J.: International Law as Law of the United States, Carolina Academic Press, Carolina 1996.
Paust, Jordan J. / Bassiouni, M.Cherif etc.: International Criminal Law, Carolina Academic Press, Carolina 1996.
Pentikainen, M. and Scheinin, Martin: A comparative study of the monitoring mechanisms and the important institutional frameworks for human rights protection within the Council of Europe, the CSCE and the European Community, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1993.
Republic of Botswana: National Policy on Care for People with Disabilities, 1996.
Stienstra, Deborah and Kellerman, Patrick W.J.: Disposable Bodies: International Norms on Disability, Paper prepared for the International Studies Association Meeting, Minneapolis, 17-21 March 1998.
South African White Paper: Integrated National Disability Strategy, White Paper Office of the Deputy President, 1997.
Tardu, M. E: International Complaint Procedures for Violations of Human Rights, in: Indian Journal ofInternational Law, Vol. 28, April - June No. 2, pp. 171-187.
Udagama, Nelum Deepika: Invocation of International Human Rights Norms in National Courts: A Legal Framework for the British Commonwealth, Boalt Hall School of Law, University of California, Berkeley 1989.
Wilkins, Richard G. and Mumford, Marcus R.: The Impact of UN Conference Declarations on International and Domestic Law, J. Reuben Clark School of Law, Brigham Young University, Provo 1998.
Wolfrum, Ruediger and Philipp, Christiane: United Nations: Law, Policies and Practice, Volume 2, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht.
